12 Sep Formal and informal music learning strategies Instrument development and validation
Formal and informal music learning strategies: Instrument development and validation
Autores:
Rubén Carrillo, Patricia Gonzalez-Moreno, 2025
Introducción:
The aim of this article is to describe the development and validation of a research instrument based on the expectancy-value theory to examine the motivation of music undergraduate students in relation to formal and informal music learning strategies. The interest on this topic arises because music programs in Mexico, as happens in many other countries around the world, are heavily influenced by the Western classical tradition. In contrast, popular music genres, apart from jazz, have not been fully accepted into formal education. There are elements that are significantly different between formal and informal modes of music learning; generally, formal learning favours music reading, repertoire use by classical composers, and the mere interpretation of that material, while informal learning environments favour playing by ear, group playing, and creativity development in composition and improvisation. During the validation process, the instrument was administered to a convenience sample of 56 music students at a private university in Mexico City. The research instrument shows good to high levels of internal reliability and validity. The preliminary results are consistent with the theoretical assumptions of Eccles and Wigfield and reflect to a large extent with the findings of other authors about formal and informal music learning.
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